The Edinburgh Festival is a national
festival of the arts, which has specially dedicated in music and theatre. It is
celebrate in Edinburgh, Scotland and it is formed by officially separated
events and together they form the largest annual cultural festival in the
world. The original, and still the largest, component festivals are the
Edinburgh International Festival and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe longer than
any other similar event in the world.
The
Edinburgh International Festival (EIF) was established in 1947 in a post-war
effort to "provide a platform for the flowering of the human spirit".
That same year, eight theatrical companies "gatecrashed”, outside the official
auspices of the EIF, started the movement which grew into the Edinburgh
Festival Fringe (EFF).
The Edinburgh International Festival (founded 1947) — The original and "official" festival consisting of classical and
contemporary theatre, opera, music, dance, visual arts, talks and workshops.
It takes
about three weeks from around the middle of August. By invitation from the
Festival Director, the International Festival brings top class performers of
music (especially classical music), theatre, opera and dance from around the
world to perform. The festival also hosts a series.
The first
International Festival took place between 22 August and 11 September 1947, at
the end of the Second World War, with an optimistic remit to "provide a
platform for the flowering of the human spirit" and enrich the cultural
life of Scotland, Britain and Europe. It was founded by Rudolf Bing, the General Manager of
Glyndebourne Opera Festival, Henry Harvey Wood, the Head of the British Council
in Scotland, Sidney Newman, Reid Professor of Music at Edinburgh University,
and a group of civic leaders from the City of Edinburgh.
The
principal venues of the Festival are:
Edinburgh Fringe 1 (1947) — now the largest of all the festivals and indeed the largest
arts festival in the world. Includes theatre, comedy, music, musicals, dance
and children's shows. Each event has his own website and his own tickets, so
Edinburgh Fringe is the term to call all of this events. The most important
ones are the international Edinburgh festival (since 1947) the Fringe (1947), the
international cinematographic Edinburg festival (1947), the Festival of the
Jazz and Blues (1979), the international Edinburgh festival of the book (1983)
and the people festival (2002). There is also “Edinburgh Military Tattoo” on
the promenade of the Edinburgh Castle, during the month of August
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe (The Fringe) is
the world's largest arts festival, with the 2012 event spanning 25 days
totalling over 2,695 shows from 47 countries in 279 venues. Established in 1947
as an alternative to the Edinburgh International Festival, it takes place
annually in Scotland's capital, in the month of August. Fringe is a showcase
for the performing arts, particularly theatre and comedy.
Unfortunately
in 50´s and 60´s appeared groups of people who became enemies because there
were competition between the official festival of Edinburgh and the Fringe.
